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Eponymous Laws

Jacob Elder — 3 minutes to read — February 24, 2025

Who doesn’t love namedropping a great thinker in casual conversation? These are some that I continually find useful.

Hyram’s Law

“With a sufficient number of users of an API, it does not matter what you promise in the contract: all observable behaviors of your system will be depended on by somebody.”

Jakob’s Law

No relation to the author

“Users spend most of their time on other sites. This means that users prefer your site to work the same way as all the other sites they already know.”

Amdahl’s Law

Indispensable when discussing concurrency and parallelism.

“The overall performance improvement gained by optimizing a single part of a system is limited by the fraction of time that the improved part is actually used.”

Gell-Mann Amnesia

“Briefly stated, the Gell-Mann Amnesia effect is as follows. You open the newspaper to an article on some subject you know well. In Murray’s case, physics. In mine, show business. You read the article and see the journalist has absolutely no understanding of either the facts or the issues. Often, the article is so wrong it actually presents the story backward—reversing cause and effect. I call these the “wet streets cause rain” stories. Paper’s full of them.

In any case, you read with exasperation or amusement the multiple errors in a story, and then turn the page to national or international affairs, and read as if the rest of the newspaper was somehow more accurate about Palestine than the baloney you just read. You turn the page, and forget what you know.”

Conway’s Law

Also known as “shipping your org chart.”

[O]rganizations which design systems (in the broad sense used here) are constrained to produce designs which are copies of the communication structures of these organizations.

Melvin E. Conway, How Do Committees Invent?

Betteridge’s law of headlines

“Any headline that ends in a question mark can be answered by the word no.”

Goodhart’s Law

Perhaps better known as, “When a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure.”

Any observed statistical regularity will tend to collapse once pressure is placed upon it for control purposes.

Chesterton’s Fence

This one is important for anyone new to an organization, or and can be helpful for understanding the behavior of juniors.

There exists in such a case a certain institution or law; let us say, for the sake of simplicity, a fence or gate erected across a road. The more modern type of reformer goes gaily up to it and says, “I don’t see the use of this; let us clear it away.” To which the more intelligent type of reformer will do well to answer: “If you don’t see the use of it, I certainly won’t let you clear it away. Go away and think. Then, when you can come back and tell me that you do see the use of it, I may allow you to destroy it.”

Cunningham’s Law

“The best way to get the right answer on the internet is not to ask a question; it’s to post the wrong answer.”

Postel’s Law

Included for its historical importance, but I personally disagree with the modern interpretation of this wisdom. I believe that software that talks to other software should be extremely strict in both directions, but not expect strictness from its interlocutors. See also Postel’s Law and the Three Ring Circus.

Implementations should follow a general principle of robustness: be conservative in what you do, be liberal in what you accept from others.

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Eponymous Laws - February 24, 2025 - Jacob Elder